The goal of treatment is to prevent the bowel from rupturing. Increased risk of colorectal cancer: The risk of colorectal cancer increases with the duration and severity of the disease.
Detection Common tests for colitis include X-rays of the colon, testing the stool for blood and pus, sigmoidoscopy and colonoscopy. Treatment The route of treatment depends on what is causing colitis. Infection: Infections that cause diarrhea and colitis may potentially require antibiotics, depending on the cause. Viral infections require fluids and time. Some bacterial infections, such as Salmonella, do not need antibiotic therapy; the body is able to get rid of the infection on its own.
Other bacterial infections, such as Clostridium difficile, require antibiotic treatment. Anti-inflammatory medications may be used initially and medications that suppress the immune system can be added if necessary.
Surgery may be an option in severe cases, including removal of the colon and small intestine. Ischemic colitis: Treatment for ischemic colitis begins with intravenous fluids to rest the bowel and prevent dehydration. The colon is the large intestine bowel and the rectum is the end of the bowel where stools are stored. Small ulcers can develop on the colon's lining, and can bleed and produce pus. You may also experience extreme tiredness fatigue , loss of appetite and weight loss.
The severity of the symptoms varies, depending on how much of the rectum and colon is inflamed and how severe the inflammation is. For some people, the condition has a significant impact on their everyday lives. Some people may go for weeks or months with very mild symptoms, or none at all remission , followed by periods where the symptoms are particularly troublesome flare-ups or relapses. During a flare-up, some people with ulcerative colitis also experience symptoms elsewhere in their body.
In severe cases, defined as having to empty your bowels 6 or more times a day, additional symptoms may include:. In most people, no specific trigger for flare-ups is identified, although a gut infection can occasionally be the cause. You should see a GP as soon as possible if you have symptoms of ulcerative colitis and you have not been diagnosed with the condition. They can arrange blood or stool sample tests to help determine what may be causing your symptoms.
Crohn's and Colitis Foundation. Ulcerative colitis. Accessed Aug. What is ulcerative colitis? Kliegman RM. Inflammatory bowel diseases. In: Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. Chronic ulcerative colitis. Mayo Clinic; Abraham B, et al. Antibiotics and probiotics in inflammatory bowel disease: When to use them? Frontline Gastroenterology. What should I eat? Accessed July 27, Mind-body therapies. Brown A. Allscripts EPSi. Mayo Clinic.
June 23, Special IBD diets. Shergill A, et al. Surveillance and management of dysplasia in patients with inflammatory bowel disease. Kashyap PC expert opinion. Kane SV expert opinion. Xeljanz, Xeljanz XR tofacitinib : Drug safety communication — Initial safety trial results find increased risk of serious heart-related problems and cancer with arthritis and ulcerative colitis medicine.
Food and Drug Administration. Accessed Feb.
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