According to the World Health Organization WHO , heart defects such as those which commonly occur at the same time as anomalies of the SVC are among the most common and severe birth defects. The superior vena cava is a vital structure in the human circulatory system that helps drain large amounts of deoxygenated blood from the head, eyes, neck, and upper limbs into the upper left chamber atrium of the heart.
The superior vena cave is a vessel with thin walls and low pressure, which makes it susceptible to conditions that increase the venous pressure.
This is an important factor when it comes to conditions of the superior vena cava. Anything that causes hypertension high blood pressure in the vessels of the right side of the heart—or the pulmonary circulation—can majorly impact the superior vena cava.
Sign up for our Health Tip of the Day newsletter, and receive daily tips that will help you live your healthiest life. Blood vessels. Updated May 12, National Cancer Institute. Introduction to the cardiovascular system. Teach Me Anatomy. The superior vena cava. Updated October 9, Appraisal of the surface anatomy of the Thorax in an adolescent population. Clin Anat. Bell, D. Valveless vein. World Health Organization.
Congenital anomalies. Updated December 1, Saha S. Persistent left superior vena cava - considerations in fetal, pediatric and adult populations. Australasian Journal of Ultrasound in Medicine. High prevalence rate of left superior vena cava determined by echocardiography in patients with congenital heart disease in Saudi Arabia. Libyan Journal of Medicine. Superior vena cava. Updated April Your Privacy Rights. To change or withdraw your consent choices for VerywellHealth. At any time, you can update your settings through the "EU Privacy" link at the bottom of any page.
Problems with one side of your face. These include a sagging eyelid, no sweat, and a small pupil of the eye on that side. These symptoms together are called Horner's syndrome. SVCS may develop quickly and block your breathing completely. If so, you might need a machine to help you breathe until doctors treat the blockage.
It is more common for SVCS to develop slowly. If this happens, your other veins may get larger to carry extra blood and you may experience milder symptoms. CT scan, also called computed tomography. MRI, also called magnetic resonance imaging. Your chemotherapy or radiation therapy for cancer can also help treat SVCS.
Other treatments that can help include:. SVCS is rare in children, but it can be life threatening. If your child has signs of SVCS, it is important to call the doctor right away. A child's windpipe is smaller and softer than an adult's windpipe.
It can swell or get blocked faster and cause breathing problems sooner. Talk with your health care team or your child's team about any symptoms you notice. This includes any new or different symptoms.
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