Updated September 28, Infectious mononucleosis. Clin Transl Immunology. Virus reactivation: a panoramic view in human infections. Future Virol. Kimura H, Cohen JI. Front Immunol. Cunningham MW. Streptococcus and rheumatic fever. Curr Opin Rheumatol. Flu Symptoms and Complications. Updated April 12, About cytomegalovirus. Updated August 18, West J Emerg Med. Updated December 31, Updated January 27, Your Privacy Rights.
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These choices will be signaled globally to our partners and will not affect browsing data. Sometimes, fatigue and other symptoms may continue for three to six months or more. That said, symptoms are still possible. Keep reading to learn more about why recurrence happens, symptoms to watch for, other conditions that may be to blame, and more.
EBV is so common that most people will contract the virus at some time in their lives. Many people will never experience any symptoms. High school and college students are most likely to contract EBV and subsequently develop mono. About 1 in 4 teens and young adults who contract EBV for the first time will go on to develop infectious mononucleosis , according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
Once you contract EBV, the virus stays in your body for the rest of your life. The virus remains behind in your immune cells and tissue. Your doctor can find the virus by testing your blood for antibodies, but the virus usually remains dormant.
The virus may be more likely to reactivate and cause symptoms in people who have a weakened immune system. This includes people who:. If you have EBV, you can still develop mono caused by another virus. If you have a healthy immune system, immune cells called natural killer NK cells and T cells work to kill EBV-infected cells in the blood.
And in some cases, even a healthy immune system can be overwhelmed by the virus. When this happens, high levels of EBV remain in the blood. Chronic active EBV infection is more common in people from:. Genes may also play a role in the disease.
You should see a doctor right away if you have these symptoms. World globe An icon of the world globe, indicating different international options. Get the Insider App. Click here to learn more. A leading-edge research firm focused on digital transformation. Women's Health. Primary Care. Mental Health. More Button Icon Circle with three vertical dots. It indicates a way to see more nav menu items inside the site menu by triggering the side menu to open and close.
Laura Goldman. Most people will not be able to get mono twice in their life. Mononucleosis is extremely common. There is no vaccination for the virus. People with concerns about their risk of mono or its effects may take some simple steps to avoid bodily fluids that contain the virus however possible, including:.
Many cases will not require medical treatment. Mono symptoms usually pass over time, and most people get better within 2—4 weeks.
However, some people may need more time to recover, with symptoms lasting for more than 6 months. Additionally, some symptoms may linger.
People may feel fatigued for weeks after initial symptoms end. In those whose symptoms include an enlarged liver or spleen, their organs may stay enlarged even after other symptoms resolve. Treatments usually focus on relieving symptoms and preventing complications. It is important to stay hydrated and get plenty of rest during recovery. Over-the-counter drugs, such as ibuprofen Advil and acetaminophen Tylenol may help ease symptoms. As mono occurs from acquiring a viral infection, antibiotics are not effective treatments.
Therefore, do not take antibiotics, such as amoxicillin or penicillin, for mono. In severe cases affecting organ systems, doctors may have more targeted treatments to help control these symptoms. EBV is extremely common and the most prevalent reason for mononucleosis. The condition typically requires no treatment, while managing symptoms may help the body recover.
While it is possible to experience mono twice, most people will develop a lifetime immunity, yet the virus will remain inactive in the body. People with compromised immune systems may experience mono twice. Additionally, other infections and conditions may trigger similar symptoms.
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